Wednesday, February 26, 2020

More on the ITF's World Tennis Number

I wrote last year about the ITF introducing the World Tennis Number (WTN) to replace the International Tennis Number (ITN).

Well, it appears it is beginning to be rolled out and a few more details are becoming available.

The LTA (Britain's more or less equivalent to the USTA) has an FAQ on the WTN and it appears they will be adopting it in 2020.  Here are a few items of interest from what list:

  • The scale will be 40 to 1, beginners at 40, world class players at or approaching 1
  • Ratings will be shown to one decimal place
  • Separate singles and doubles ratings, no specific mention of mixed
  • Mentions sets, not just wins, taken into account, which implies games or game differential won't be a factor
  • Gender and age neutral
  • Will incorporate matches played at home and abroad
  • Provision for entering scores from personal matches and having them factored in

There is a specific item addressing why the LTA chose WTN instead of UTR.  The summary is they considered UTR focused on American Collegiate Tennis and select High Performance Academies, and thought appealing to and address players of all levels was more important.  They also valued partnering with the ITF and two other Grand Slam nationals (France and the USA).  Like I said before, the WTN is a shot across the bow of UTR.

The ITF also has a WTN FAQ, a few highlights from it:
  • The calculation is based on a player's performance relative to the strength of their opponent
  • Changes to an opponent's rating may result in a change to your rating, seemingly even if you haven't played more matches
  • Implementation of the WTN will be overseen by relevant National Tennis Associations, e.g. the LTA as noted above

What does this mean for players in the USA?  I have not seen anything from the USTA on how they'll adopt it, but my guess is it doesn't affect USTA League or NTRP, at least for the foreseeable future, but the USTA will cooperate with the ITF to feed them match results so the ITF can calculate WTNs for players.  It is also possible the USTA will calculate WTNs for USTA members, but I bet they leave it to the ITF to calculate and just provide results.  We will see.

Monday, February 24, 2020

2020 USTA League Nationals schedule now official?

I wrote back in December what it appeared the schedule was for 2020 USTA League Nationals.  This was based on a document on usta.com, but the schedule on the main page for Nationals had not yet been updated.

Well, the Nationals page has been updated now and the schedule is largely has I'd written, but there were a few small changes.  I've updated that prior post if you want to see what the schedule was with the changes, but below is the schedule that is now correct as of my writing.

October 2-4
  • OKC - 18 & Over 3.0
  • Surprise - 18 & Over 3.5
  • Vegas - 18 & Over 5.0

October 9-11
  • Vegas - 18 & Over 2.5 women
  • Surprise - 18 & Over 4.5
  • OKC - 40 & Over 3.5

October 16-18
  • Vegas - 40 & Over 4.5+
  • OKC - 40 & Over 3.0
  • Orlando - 18 & Over 4.0
  • Surprise - 55 & Over 8.0

October 23-25
  • Orlando - 40 & Over 4.0
  • Surprise - 55 & Over 6.0 / 9.0

October 30-November 1
  • Surprise - 55 & Over 7.0
  • Orlando - 18 & Over Mixed 7.0 / 9.0

November 6-8
  • Orlando - 18 & Over Mixed 6.0 / 8.0 / 10.0

November 13-15
  • Surprise - 40 & Over Mixed 7.0 / 8.0
  • Orlando - 40 & Over Mixed 6.0 / 9.0

If you are aspiring to go to Nationals this year, now you know where you may be headed!

What will sections do with 4-court formats come playoffs? National has weighed in, has your section? PNW has

After several months of confusion and incorrect teams being awarded wins using undocumented rules, USTA National finally addressed the issue of 2-2 ties not being broken with the documented tie-breakers for Adult 40 & Over leagues using the 4-court format.

Well, sort of.

As far as I can tell, there has been no communication to players or regulation change by National about the modified tie-breaker.  It appears to only have been communicated to sections as something that is now an approved tie-breaker and one that TennisLink will soon support, and some section coordinators are letting players know.

I suppose they figure that for National, the change only affects Nationals and they'll just document it for that event.  But this change, to have the court 1 doubles winner be the final tie-breaker to determine a team win, really does belong in the 2020 regulations document and not just something communicated to sections.  But updating the 2020 regulations at this point might be a bit embarrassing and perhaps can't be done at this point according to the USTA rules.  Maybe it will happen, but it is likely to just appear in the 2021 regulations.

Anyway, with this tie-breaker now an option, what will sections do?  There are already several sections changing their rules mid-season to use it and asking captains to wait to enter scores for a week while TennisLink is changed and the change seemingly won't be retroactive (which seems wrong).  But what may be more interesting is what happens in playoffs, particularly for leagues/areas that are using Points Per Position (PPP) for the regular season.

For what it is worth, the Pacific Northwest Section was on the ball and got ahead of this one by making the change to PPP well in advance of the season, which was a change in itself, but far better than the confusion that has reigned in other sections that are still using team wins for standings.  But PNW was even more on the ball by already documenting what will be done in playoffs and Sectionals.  Thanks Adam and team!

As I understand it, in playoffs, PPP will continue to be used:

  • If there is flight play for the playoff event, point accumulation and not wins/losses will determine flight standings and who advances, just like the regular season.
  • If there is a single elimination draw, whoever has the most points in the match will be the winner and advance.

This all makes sense and is consistent with the regular season, the change from prior years to use points rather than wins is just a change to be aware of.  It is possible that a team could "win" their three matches at Sectionals 3-2 and get to 9 points, but not win the flight if a team they "beat" happens to win their other two matches 4-1 or better, as that would get them to 10 points.

Note that for those sections that use team wins for standings and adopt the new 1D as the last tie-breaker, it may seem like it is just like PPP that gives 1D the extra point, but it is subtly different.

With a PPP format giving an extra point to 1D (1211), court 1 doubles is effectively the first tie-breaker in a match where the teams split the four courts.  In a team win format, court 1 doubles is the last tie-breaker and only comes into play if the teams are also tied on sets lost and games lost first.

What is your section going to do for playoffs?  Have they documented it yet?  Ask questions and see that they do, otherwise there is the risk something is done wrong or they make things up as they go.


Saturday, February 22, 2020

Breaking News! National changes tie-breaker for 4-court format matches, some sections are following suit

The USTA changed the format for Adult 40 & Over to a 4-court (1 singles and 3 doubles) format Nationally for 2020, and most sections have followed.  I wrote over 4 months ago that this would result in team matches ending in unbroken ties, but nothing happened to fix it.

Through February 14 there were at least 23 of these ties, and through today the total is over 30, and we discovered months ago that TennisLink was broken and was incorrectly using the season game winning percentage (GWP) instead of the team-match GWP in the tie-breaker and still nothing changed.

Well, it appears the USTA finally got the message that this was broken with players being confused and the wrong team being declared the winner in some of these situations.  A regulation change has been made to add to the tie-breakers used when a team match is tied 2-2.  I have not seen an official regulations document with this change, but sections are sending e-mail to players saying they are adopting a change made by National so I'm pretty sure this is accurate information.

The current documented tie-breakers should a team match be tied 2-2 are:
  • Fewest sets lost
  • Fewest games lost
  • Game winning percentage in the match (pointless, will always be 50% for each team if it gets to this)

Note that TennisLink actually uses the current season GWP for each team and not the GWP in the match which is incorrect.  TennisLink also appears to currently award the win to the visiting team if the teams are tied on GWP.  So teams have been awarded wins to-date that are arguably wrong.

The change is to add giving the win to the team that won court 1 doubles if they are still tied.  One can probably debate the merits of this, but it is at least known in advance and will determine a winner, where to this point, it has been fuzzy and unclear.

This change is what should be used at Nationals, and sections have the discretion to follow suit or do their own thing, but it appears at least some are following suit as they are notifying players of the change.

In the notification to players, I've heard that TennisLink is supposed to be changed to match the new regulation by the end of February.  I do not know if they are also fixing the GWP tie-breaker to use the match GWP rather than season GWP, but I hope they do as adding this new tie-breaker without fixing GWP has little value.

The outstanding question is if the tie-breaker change will be retroactive or not.  My guess is that it won't be as at least one communication asked players to wait until the end of this week to enter their results if they had a 2-2 tie so that the new rule would be applied.  If it is indeed not retroactive, that is a shame as it means a changing set of rules will have been used during the season and this could affect standings and who advances to playoffs.

As far as the merits of the change, I do like that we finally have something that will deterministically identify a winner.  I do question if using court 1 doubles is the best court to use as it further marginalizes singles and using the singles court could have helped give it more meaning.  But using court 1 doubles does help to discourage stacking as a team is less likely to sacrifice that court knowing it is the tie-breaker should it get to that, and this is probably a good thing.

Note of course that all this only applies to leagues that are using team wins for standings.  Those that are using points per position are not affected.   But of course, once you get to playoff draws where team wins matter, it should apply to all.

What do you think?  Are you satisfied with this resolution to a gaping hole in the regulations?

Friday, February 14, 2020

More 2-2 ties in 4-court 40 & Over leagues

I've been tracking how many 2-2 ties there are in 40 & Over league this year now that the standard format from National is 4-courts playing one singles and three doubles courts.

When a league is using the standard team wins for standings and not points per position, a 2-2 tie means tie-breakers are used to determine a team match winner, and the tie-breakers only go so far as games lost and game winning percentage in the match which can still be tied, so what happens then?

The count of these ties is now up to at least 23, and has happened in 7 sections, those being Florida, Hawaii, Intermountain, Missouri Valley, SoCal, Southern, and Texas.

It appears that the rule TennisLink applies is to first check each team's game winning percentage for the season going into the match and whomever has the higher GWP gets the win, or if this is tied, the visiting team gets the win.  As I've noted before, using season GWP doesn't make much sense and in fact seems to be wrong and not following the stated rule in the regulations, but that is what TennisLink does.  Let's hope it gets fixed soon.

What is your experience?  Have you seen 2-2 ties where the winner isn't determined as outlined above?  How would you want the tie broken?

Sunday, February 9, 2020

Fed Cup - USA vs Latvia was some great tennis!

A first round Fed Cup tie between the United States and Latvia was held in Everett, WA, just North of Seattle, this weekend, and it was a great event in many ways.  The venue was very good, the crowds were pro-USA but very fair, the USTA had things very organized, and the tennis on the court was very good to boot.

On both Friday and Saturday during introductions, Serena had the loudest cheers, but Kenin who was introduced last as the new Aussie Open champ was very close behind.

Kenin led Friday off with a 6-2,6-2 win over Sevastova, with just very solid play.  Serena and Ostapenko then had a tight match with just a few breaks each way going to two tie-breaks, and Ostapenko was up a mini-break early in each but Serena came through 7-6,7-6.

Saturday felt like the USA would wrap it up in the singles, but Latvia came to play and Ostapenko strung together enough stretches of great play to beat Kenin in a third set.  After seeing how Kenin took it to Sevastova on Friday, one had to think that Serena would have no problem, but, IMHO, Serena didn't look 100%, but spinning serves in at points and not moving as well as normal and she found herself in a tie-break in the 3rd set which she lost.

Suddenly it is 2-2 and the doubles matters!  Of course, I'm also thinking I'm glad Fed Cup didn't switch to a 4-court format as we'd be 2-2 and going to goofy tie-breakers to decide who advances to Budapest!

While Latvia brought more players, it was pretty clear they'd be bringing back Ostapenko and Sevastova, and while the USA had listed Mattek-Sands and Riske as the doubles team, in a must win situation they inserted Kenin for Riske to reunite a pair that won several rounds in Australia.

The first set was competitive on the scoreboard, 6-4 for the USA, but they had several other chances to break and were never troubled on their serve, and the second set bore that out as they raced to a 6-0 clinching set.  Fatigue may have been a bit of an issue for the Latvians, but I think it was more the doubles play of Mattek-Sands and Kenin.  Bethany is a proven winner in doubles having been ranked #1, but Kenin more than held her own and impressed me and others with her doubles prowess.

So the USA pulls it out and is on to the Fed Cup Finals, aka the World Cup of Tennis, in Budapest April 14-19.  Go USA!

Thursday, February 6, 2020

Fed Cup this weekend - In Seattle!

The typical spot for the first round of Fed Cup play each year is the right after the Australian Open, and this year is no different and with matches being played this weekend.

The USA has a home tie against Latvia, and those in Seattle were excited to hear it would be played in the Seattle area!  Well, to be more specific, in Everett just North of Seattle at Angel of the Winds Arena.

On a side note, this venue actually hosts a number of events each year with various Figure Skating and Gymnastics events being held in recent years, and now Tennis!

I'm guessing Seattle chosen perhaps in part due to the new USTA President, Patrick Galbraith, being from Seattle, so why not bring Fed Cup there to be close to home.

In any case, welcome to Seattle/Everett!  It will be fun to go watch new Australian Open champion Sofia Kenin, Serena, Bethany Mattek-Sands, Coco Gauff, and Alison Riske take on Anastasija Sevastova and Jelena Ostapenko.

Go USA!

Update on unbroken 2-2 ties in 4-court format 40 & Over league matches

I wrote earlier this week about unbroken ties occurring for the 40 & Over leagues where the 4-court format has been adopted.  This is an update with more information I've learned and an updated count of unbroken ties occurring.

And I should actually correct myself, the ties are being broken, but the tie-breaker used is not documented as the ones that are documented are not sufficient.  This is the issue, that players and captains don't know what the tie-breaking criteria is and are left to enter the scores and see what TennisLink says with no explanation of why.

First, I have now found 16 matches that were not decided after applying the documented tie-breakers.  No, 16 isn't that many, but we are also barely a month into 2020 and quite a few 40 & Over leagues have not started play yet.  And 16 is more than the none some people and USTA staff said there would be when presented with the issue of the tie-breakers being insufficient.

Second, in my earlier post, I tried to deduce what the undocumented tie-breakers actually were, and arrived at it being some combination of season game winning percentage (GWP) and/or the visiting or home team.

Regarding GWP, the regulations say it is supposed to be used, but it is supposed to be the GWP from the match and not the GWP for the season.  Yet apparently, to date, it is the season GWP that is being used.

Using season GWP doesn't really make sense IMHO, as it puts the team who has had a harder schedule to-date at a disadvantage when playing a team who has played an easier schedule.  The first team will likely have a lower GWP than the second team simply due to the order of playing the matches, and should it end in a tie, the second team gets the win due to having the easier schedule.  It is "something" to decide a winner, but it less equitable than a coin flip.  Yet it is what I've learned TennisLink has been doing so far this year.

Note of course, using GWP as the rules call for is a meaningless tie-breaker.  The prior tie-breaker is games lost. and in a head to head match, if both teams are tied on this and lost the same number of games, that means they won the same number of games and the GWP for each will be 50%.  So in the context of a head-to-head match, GWP is a meaningless tie-breaker.

Now, I think the USTA may have gotten enough complaints about the ambiguity of this that they may be trying to fix it, meaning fix TennisLink to calculate it correctly.  It is unclear how quickly this will get done.

The issue now is, what does that mean?  Will the USTA go back and retroactively correct match winners using the corrected tie-breaker?  Or will those results stand even though the winner shown is incorrect per the rules?  Clearly, it should be fixed retroactively to be fair and equitable, but I don't know that will happen.  And if it isn't corrected soon enough, teams will finish their season and be declared flight winners and move on to playoffs, and then the toothpaste is out of the tube.

Of course, since we established that GWP as the tie-breaker after games lost is meaningless for a head-to-head match, what will break the tie when teams are still tied when it decides nothing?

As I wrote earlier, it appears the win has been awarded to the visiting team when no other tie-breakers can break the tie.  On one hand this makes sense as the visiting team managed to tie the match despite being at a disadvantage of having a "road" match.  However, in some areas, the home/away designation is arbitrary as teams don't play out of a "home" club, and matches are simply played at a facility that the League Coordinator has secured.  So now the winner really is decided by effectively the flip of a coin since whomever the visiting team is is arbitrary.

This is all caused by the questionable move to a 4-court format for 40 & Over, which is seeming to be more and more short-sighted the more we learn about it and experience it.  Thankfully some sections found a way to make a bad decision more palatable by using a Points Per Position format for standings which avoids the unbroken 2-2 tie problem, but it still has its own pros and cons and certainly changes the dynamic of how a captain assembles a team and plans their line-ups.

But the sections still using team wins for standings are stuck with all of this confusion and inequitable selecting of match winners.  Why couldn't the USTA have just stuck with 5-courts?!

What is also frustrating for players is all of the issues now cropping up and causing confusion are things I wrote about in early October when the new regulations first came out.  I also sent my observations and identification of issues to the USTA in early October (4 months ago!) asking them to clarify things and fix the TennisLink problem that still exists today.  Perhaps my raising the issue caused at least one section to switch to Points Per Position to avoid the problems, but it is unfortunate for the rest of the players that nothing has been done to officially address the issues or clarify the tie-breaking rules.

What is worse is that some players have elected not to play 40 & Over because of the change to 4-courts and chances of all these issues coming to fruition, which they clearly have.  In one area that had been showing 5-8% growth in participants in 40 & Over the past three years, participation is down over 2%.  Read this for more details.  I will be checking other areas, but if this is observed in other sections, what was a growing division in past years may become a shrinking one.

If you are in an area that is using the 4-court format and team wins for standings, I encourage you to ask your League Coordinator what the tie-breakers are and ask that they be documented.  If fiascos like this keep on happening, any decrease in participation there may be this year won't be a one year blip and that would be sad.

Tuesday, February 4, 2020

It's Happening - Unbroken 2-2 ties occur more often than you think in 4-court matches, who is declared the winner?

We are a month into 2020 and with it, quite a few 40 & Over leagues have started and with that, we are seeing more data on the new 4-court format as most sections are adopting it for play this year.

Now, some have moved to Points per Position (PPP) rather than sticking with team wins for standings, and for those, they are avoiding the issues of what happens when matches end in 2-2 ties and the tie-breakers are not sufficient and don't break the tie.  But many have stuck with wins and losses for standings and as I predicted, we are seeing quite a few unbroken ties.

As of the writing of this blog post, I have found 10 instances of recent unbroken ties in 2020 leagues playing 4 courts and using teams wins for standings.  So what happens in this case?

The documented regulations are not entirely clear.  They state that if tied 2-2, the fewest sets lost is used, then fewest games lost, and then game winning percentage (GWP).  The implication is that it is the GWP from the match, which interestingly is meaningless at that point as if both teams have lost the same number of games, they've won the same number too and the GWP for each is 50%.

Now, what is odd is that on TennisLink, when looking at a team match, the GWP shown does not correlated with the team match, instead it seems to be showing the GWP for each team for the season.  If the season GWP is used as a last step to break a tie, that would optimistically be "interesting", but when you think about it is really somewhat troubling.

But I've also heard or been told that as a last tie-breaker, TennisLink will award the win to the visiting team.  No wait, the home team.  No wait, ...  What?

I have not had this 100% confirmed, but I "think" it used to be the visiting team that was awarded the win, the rationale being they managed a tie despite being at a disadvantage as the visiting team, so give them the win.  However, I "think" this has been changed to award the win to the home team now, which doesn't make sense to me, but ok.

Note, it is possible that individual sections/areas have established their own local tie-breakers to use or even to have ties (half wins), although I don't think TennisLink has the flexibility to handle that so this would be handled manually and TennisLink wouldn't show the correct standings.

So what is actually happening?  Given there have been what appear to be unbroken 2-2 ties, we can take a look and try to deduce what happened.  Here is what I've found:
  • SoCal / Ventura - Match played 1/11/2020, both teams lost 4 sets and 33 games.  Winning team was the visitor who happened to have the higher GWP for the season.
  • SoCal / San Diego - Match played 1/15/2020, both teams lost 4 sets and 38 games.  Winning team was the visitor who happened to have the higher GWP for the season.
  • Missouri Valley / HOA - Match played 2/1/2020, both teams lost 4 sets and 38 games.  Winning team was the home team who happened to have the higher GWP for the season.
  • SoCal / San Diego - Match played 1/26/2020, both teams lost 5 sets and 41 games.  Winning team was the visitor who happened to have the higher GWP for the season.
  • SoCal / San Diego - Match played 2/3/2020, both teams lost 5 sets and 49 games.  Winning team was the home team who happened to have the higher GWP for the season.
  • Florida / Broward - Match played 1/29/2020, both teams lost 5 sets and 41 games.  Winning team was the visitor who happened to have the higher GWP for the season.
  • SoCal / SGV - Match played 1/11/2020, both teams lost 4 sets and 37 games.  Winning team was the visitor who happened to have the higher GWP for the season.  The thing is, at the time of the match, it was each team's first match so they had no GWP!
  • Southern / Georgia - Match played 1/26/2020, both teams lost 5 sets and 39 games.  Winning team was the visitor even though their GWP for the season was higher.

There are more I have found and they don't add much more.  From the above, I can't say that the home team gets the win or the visitor gets the win, or if the season GWP is used in some way.

If the season GWP is used, that seems completely broken for several reasons:
  • If it is the season GWP at the time of the match, this penalizes the team who came in with the tougher schedule
  • If it is the current season GWP, which is what seems to be shown on TennisLink team matches, this makes no sense since as the season goes along, the GWP changes and does that mean the team match winner could change?

So I can't imagine season GWP is used, but I could be wrong.

If it isn't used, perhaps it was given to the visiting team through the end of January, but the change I've heard about to giving it to the home team was made in February and that is what is happening now.  That does correlate with the above, but seems a bit sketchy.  But you never know.

What have you observed as it related to 2-2 ties?  Or what has your League Coordinator told you?  Let's figure this out!